Composición de las bebidas deportivas:

efectos sobre la hidratación y el rendimiento

Autores/as

  • Andrés Santiago Parodi Feye Instituto Universitario Asociación Cristiana de Jóvenes

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28997/ruefd.v0i11.3

Palabras clave:

Hidratación; Bebidas deportivas; Deporte; Rendimiento; Salud.

Resumen

La práctica de ejercicio físico intenso y/o prolongado trae aparejada la pérdida de agua corporal y electrolitos a través del sudor. El propósito de este trabajo es, a partir de la revisión de la literatura científica, describir el efecto de la deshidratación sobre la salud y el rendimiento, analizando además la eficacia de la composición de las bebidas deportivas en la rehidratación del deportista.

Citas

ACSM, Sawka, M. N., Burke, L. M., Eichner, E. R., Maughan, R. J., Montain, S. J., & Stachenfeld, N. S. (2007). Exercise and fluid replacement. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(2), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31802ca597

Barr, S., Costill, D., & Fink, W. (1991). Fluid replacement during prolonged exercise: effects of water, saline, or no fluid. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 23(7), 811–817.

Berardi, J. M., Noreen, E. E., & Lemon, P. W. R. (2008). Recovery from a cycling time trial is enhanced with carbohydrate-protein supplementation vs. isoenergetic carbohydrate supplementation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-24

Bonetti, D. L., Hopkins, W. G., & Jeukendrup, A. (2010). Effects of Hypotonic and Isotonic Sports Drinks on Endurance Performance and Physiology. Sportscience, 14(14), 63–70.

Brooks, G. A., & Mercier, J. (1994). Balance of carbohydrate and lipid utilization during exercise: the “crossover” concept. Journal of Applied Physiology, 76(6), 2253–2261. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.76.6.2253

Brouns, F., & Kovacs, E. (1997). Functional drinks for athletes. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 8(12), 414–421.

Burke, L. M., Claassen, A., Hawley, J. A., & Noakes, T. D. (1998). Carbohydrate intake during prolonged cycling minimizes effect of glycemic index of preexercise meal. Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985),

(6), 2220–2226. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.85.6.2220

Candas, V., Libert, J. P., Brandenberger, G., Sagot, J. C.,Amoros, C., & Kahn, J. M. (1986). Hydration during exercise - Effects on thermal and cardiovascular adjustments. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational

Physiology, 55(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00714992

Cheuvront, S. N., Carter, R., & Sawka, M. N.(2003). Fluid balance and endurance exercise performance. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 2(4), 202–208. https://doi.org/10.1249/00149619-200308000-00006

Coyle, E. F. (2004). Fluid and fuel intake during exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22(1), 39–55. https://doi.

org/10.1080/0264041031000140545

Craig, F., & Cummings, G. (1966). Dehydratation and Muscular Work. Journal of Applied Physiology, 670–674.

Currell, K., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2008). Superior endurance performance with ingestion of multiple transportable carbohydrates. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(2), 275–281. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31815adf19

Davis, J., Burguess, W., Slentz, C., & Bartoli, W. (1990). Fluid availability of sports drinks differing in carbohydrate type and concentration. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 51(6), 1054–1057.

Evans, G. H., Shirreffs, S. M., & Maughan, R.J. (2009). Postexercise rehydration in man: the effects of carbohydrate content and osmolality of drinks ingested ad libitum. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 34(4), 785–793. https://doi.org/10.1139/H09-065

Evans, W., & Hughes, V. (1985). Dietary carbohydrates and endurance exercise. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 41(5), 1149–1154.

Guo, M. (2009). Functional Foods: Principles and Technology. Woodhead. Hopkins, W., & Wood, M. (2006). The Optimum Composition for Endurance Sports Drinks. Sportscience, 10, 59–62.

Institute of Medicine(2005). DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington D.C.: The National Academies Press.

Jeukendrup, A. E., Currell, K., Clarke, J., Cole, J.,& Blannin, A. K. (2009). Effect of beverage glucose and sodium content on fluid delivery. Nutrition and Metabolism, 6, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-6-9

Judelson, D. A., Maresh, C. M., Farrell, M. J., Yamamoto, L. M., Armstrong, L. E., Kraemer, W. J.,Anderson, J. M. (2007). Effect of hydration state on strength, power, and resistance exercise performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(10), 1817–1824. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180de5f22

Lee, J. K. W., Maughan, R. J., Shirreffs, S. M., & Watson, P. (2008). Effects of milk ingestion on prolonged exercise capacity in young, healthy men. Nutrition, 24(4), 340–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2008.01.001

Loo, D. D. F., Zeuthen, T., Chandy, G., & Wright, E. M. (1996). Cotransport of water by the Na+/glucose cotransporter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(23), 13367–13370. https://doi.org/10.1073/

pnas.93.23.13367

Maughan, R., Leiper, J., & Shirreffs, S. (1997). Factors influencing the restoration of fluid and electrolyte balance after exercise in the heat. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(3), 175–182. Retrieved from http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=UA&search_mode=GeneralS research&qid=12&SID=1BsZ5pvsxYAbWd4FsoD&page=1&doc=3

Miller, S. L., Gaine, P. C., Maresh, C. M.,Armstrong, L. E., Ebbeling, C. B., Lamont,L. S., & Rodriguez, N. R. (2007). The effects of nutritional supplementation throughout an endurance run on leucine kinetics during recovery. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 17(5), 456–467. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.17.5.456

Minehan, M. R., Riley, M. D., & Burke, L. M. (2002). Effect of flavor and awareness of kilojoule content

of drinks on preference and fluid balance in team sports. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 12, 81–92.

Montain, S. J., & Coyle, E. F. (1992). Influence of graded dehydration on hyperthermia and cardiovascular drift during exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 73(4), 1340–1350. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.4.1340

Morifuji, M., Sakai, K., Sanbongi, C., & Sugiura, K. (2005). Dietary whey protein increases liver and skeletal muscle glycogen levels in exercise-trained rats. British Journal of Nutrition, 93(04), 439. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051373

Murray, R., Bartoli, W., Eddy, D., & Horn, M. (1997). Gastric emptying and plasma deuterium accumulation following ingestion of water and two carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, (7), 144–153. https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.mmj.3

Murray, R., Seifert, J., Eddy, D., Paul, G., & Halaby, G. (2000). Resúmenes del Simposio Internacional de Actualización en Ciencias Aplicadas al Deporte. Retrieved from https://g-se.com/ingesta-de-carbohidratos-y-ejercicio-efectodel-contenido-de-carbohidratos-en-labebida-969-sa-J57cfb271a6219

Noakes, T. D. (1993). Fluid Replacement During Exercise. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 297–330.

Nose, H., Mack, G. W., Shi, X. R., & Nadel, E. R. (1988). Involvement of sodium retention hormones during rehydration in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology, 65(1), 332– 336. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.

nih.gov/pubmed/3042742

Nybo, L., Møller, K., Volianitis, S., Nielsen, B., & Secher, N. H. (2002). Effects of hyperthermia on cerebral blood flow and metabolism during prolonged exercise in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 93(1), 58–64. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00049.2002

Palacios Gil-Antuñano, N., Franco Bonafonte, L., Manonelles Marqueta, P., Manuz González, B., & Villegas García, J. (2008). Consenso sobre bebidas para el deportista. Composición y pautas de reposición de líquidos. Documento de Consenso de la Federación Española de Medicina del Deporte. Archivos de Medicina Del

Deporte, 25(126), 245–258.

Palacios Gil-Antuñano, N., Pollanco Allué, I., & Álvarez Hernández, J. (2010). Hidratación en los estados de salud y enfermedad. En Á. Gil Hernández (Ed.), Dietoterapia, Nutrición Clínica y Metabolismo (2nd ed., p. 104). Madrid: Diaz de Santos.

Rehrer, N., Beckers, E., Brouns, F., ten Hoor, F., & Saris, W. (1990). Effects of dehydration on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal distress while running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22(6), 790–795.

Roy, B. D. (2008). Milk: The new sports drink? A Review. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5(Table 1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-15

Sawka, M. N., & Noakes, T. D. (2007). Does dehydration impair exercise performance? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1209–1217. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e318124a664

Schedl, H., & Maughan, R. (1994). Intestinalabsorption during rest and exercise - implications for formulating an oral rehydration solution (ORS). Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 26(3), 267–280.

Scheld, H., & Clifton, J. (1963). Solute and water absorption by the human small intestine. Nature, 197(487), 912–914. https://doi.org/10.1038/197452a0

Shi, X., Summer, R. W., Scheld, H. P., Flanagan, S.W., Chang, R., & Gisolfi, C. V. (1995). Effects of carbohydrate type and concentration and solution osmolality on water absorption. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.

https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199512000-00005

Shirreffs, S. M., & Maughan, R. J. (1998). in humans: replacement of water and sodium losses Volume repletion after exerciseinduced volume depletion Volume repletion after exercise-induced volume depletion in

humans: replacement of water and sodium losses. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol American

Journal of Physiology -Renal Physiology, 274, 868–875. Retrieved from http://ajprenal.physiology.org/content/274/5/F868.full#ref-list-1

Shirreffs, S., Taylor, A., Leiper, J., & Maughan, R. (1996). Post-exercise rehydration in man: effects of volume consumed and drink sodium content. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28(10), 1260–1271.

St. Clair Gibson, A., & Noakes, T. D. (2004). Evidence for complex system integration and dynamic neural regulation of skeletal muscle recruitment during exercise in humans. British Journal of Sports Medicine,

(6), 797–806. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2003.009852

Tucker, R., Marle, T., Lambert, E. V., & Noakes, T. D. (2006). The rate of heat storage mediates an

anticipatory reduction in exercise intensity during cycling at a fixed rating of perceived exertion. Journal of Physiology, 574(3), 905–915. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2005.101733

Turner, J. (2000). Show me the pathway! Regulation of paracellular permeability by Na+-glucose cotransport. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 41(3), 265–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00046-6

Van Den Eynde, F., Van Baelen, P., Portzky, M.,& Audenaert, K. (2008). De effecten van energiedranken op de cognitieve prestaties. Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie, 50(5), 273–281.

Vrijens, D., & Dehrer, N. (1999). Sodium-free fluid ingestion decreases plasma sodium during exercise in the heat. Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(6), 1847–1851.

Wagenmakers, A., Brouns, F., Saris, W., & Halliday, D. (1993). Oxidation rates of orally ingested carbohydrates during prolonged exercise in men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 75(6), 2774–2780.

Zachwieja, J. J., Costill, D. L., Beard, G. C., Robergs, R. a, Pascoe, D. D., & Anderson, D. E. (1992). The effects of a carbonated carbohydrate drink on gastric emptying, gastrointestinal distress, and exercise performance.

International Journal of Sport Nutrition, 2(32), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.2.3.239

Descargas

Publicado

2018-11-15

Cómo citar

Parodi Feye, A. S. (2018). Composición de las bebidas deportivas:: efectos sobre la hidratación y el rendimiento. Revista Universitaria De La Educación Física Y El Deporte, (11), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.28997/ruefd.v0i11.3

Número

Sección

Artículos científicos